In the wilderness, it’s not always about having the latest and greatest gear. Sometimes, it’s about improvising and making the most of what you have. That’s where “Survival Hacks: Over 200 Ways to Use Everyday Items for Wilderness Survival” comes in. In this article, you will discover an extensive collection of innovative and practical ways to utilize everyday items found in your backpack or surroundings to survive and thrive in the great outdoors. From duct tape to dental floss, you’ll be amazed at the endless possibilities for survival that lie within your grasp. Let’s dive into these useful hacks and unleash your inner MacGyver!

Fire Starting

Using a battery and steel wool

When you find yourself lost or stranded in the wilderness, being able to start a fire is crucial for your survival. One effective method that requires just a battery and steel wool. To start, make sure you have a 9-volt battery and a small piece of fine steel wool. Simply touch one terminal of the battery to the steel wool, while keeping the other terminal pressed against the steel wool. The steel wool will begin to heat up and ignite, creating a spark that can be used to start a fire.

Creating a fire with a magnifying glass

Another method of starting a fire without matches or a lighter is by using a magnifying glass. This method relies on the power of the sun’s rays to ignite a fire. On a sunny day, find a spot with dry tinder, such as small twigs or pieces of paper. Hold the magnifying glass above the tinder, angling it so that the sun’s rays are focused onto a small point. Move the magnifying glass slowly back and forth until you see the tinder start to smoke. Continue focusing the sunlight until the tinder ignites into a small flame.

Using a pencil and paper to create a fire

If you have a pencil and a piece of paper, you can use them to create a fire in an emergency situation. Start by sharpening one end of the pencil to a fine point. Next, take the piece of paper and fold it into a small fan shape. Place the pencil on top of the folded paper, holding it at an angle to create friction. Rub the pencil back and forth rapidly against the paper to generate heat. After a few minutes of vigorous rubbing, the friction will cause the paper to start smoldering. Blow gently on the smoldering paper to encourage the flame to grow and ignite your tinder.

Using a soda can and chocolate bar

In the absence of conventional fire-starting tools, such as matches or lighters, you can improvise with a soda can and a chocolate bar to create fire. Start by polishing the bottom of the soda can with a piece of cloth or sandpaper to create a reflective surface. On a sunny day, find a patch of dry tinder and melt a small piece of chocolate on the bottom of the soda can. This will act as a lubricant for the next step. Hold the can at an angle, using the shiny bottom as a makeshift mirror, and reflect the sunlight onto the tinder. Move the can slowly and adjust the angle until the concentrated beam of light ignites the tinder and starts a fire.

Water Filtration

Using a plastic bottle and charcoal

When you’re in a survival situation and need clean drinking water, you can fashion a simple water filter using a plastic bottle and charcoal. Start by cutting the bottom of the bottle off and removing the cap. Next, layer the bottom of the bottle with small rocks or pebbles to create a coarse filter. On top of the rocks, add a layer of activated charcoal. This will help remove impurities and odors from the water. Finally, add a layer of fine sand on top of the charcoal to create a final layer of filtration. Pour water into the top of the filter and let it slowly trickle through the various layers, collecting in a container at the bottom. The result is cleaner, filtered water that is safe to drink.

Creating a solar still

In situations where water sources are scarce or polluted, creating a solar still can provide you with a source of clean drinking water. Start by digging a hole in the ground, deep enough to fit a container. Place the container in the center of the hole and cover the hole with a clear plastic sheet, making sure it is tightly secured around the edges. Place a small stone or weight in the center of the sheet, creating a depression that will collect condensation. As the sun’s heat hits the plastic sheet, it will cause the water in the soil to evaporate. The water vapor will then condense on the plastic sheet and drip down into the container, providing you with safe drinking water.

Building a sand filter

If you find yourself near a water source but it is not safe to directly drink from, you can create a sand filter to remove impurities and make the water potable. Start by digging a hole near the water source and lining it with a layer of large rocks. On top of the rocks, add a layer of finer gravel or small stones. Next, add a layer of fine sand on top of the gravel. The sand will act as the primary filtration layer, removing larger particles and sediment from the water. Finally, pour water into the filter and let it slowly seep through the layers, collecting in a container at the bottom. The result is cleaner, filtered water that is safer to drink.

Using a t-shirt as a water filter

In situations where you don’t have access to any other filtering materials, you can use a t-shirt as a makeshift water filter. Start by folding the t-shirt in half and then into quarters, creating multiple layers of fabric. Pour the water to be filtered through the layers of fabric, allowing the fabric to catch any larger particles and sediments. This method is not as effective as other filtration methods but can still provide some level of purification in emergency situations.

Shelter

Building a debris hut

When you’re in need of shelter in the wilderness, building a debris hut can provide you with protection from the elements. Start by finding a sturdy tree with a strong, forked branch. Lean a long, sturdy branch against the forked branch, creating the ridgepole of your shelter. Next, gather a large number of branches and lean them against the ridgepole, creating a triangular-shaped frame. Once the frame is complete, cover the entire structure with leaves, brush, and other natural materials. This debris will provide insulation and help keep you warm inside the shelter. Finally, create a small entrance tunnel by propping two sticks against the front of the shelter. This will help retain heat and keep out wind and rain.

Creating a tarp shelter

If you have a tarp or emergency blanket with you, creating a tarp shelter is a quick and effective way to protect yourself from the elements. Start by finding two sturdy trees or supports and tie the corners of the tarp to them, creating a ridgeline. Next, stake down the corners of the tarp to secure it in place. If you don’t have stakes, you can use sticks or rocks to weigh down the corners. Adjust the tension of the tarp as needed to ensure it is taut and will shed water properly. Depending on the weather and your specific needs, you can set the tarp up in a variety of configurations, such as a lean-to or A-frame style shelter.

Using a garbage bag as a shelter

In emergency situations, a garbage bag can be repurposed as a makeshift shelter. Start by finding a suitable location, preferably under the cover of trees or other natural formations. If the ground is wet, lay down a layer of leaves or other debris to insulate yourself from the cold and dampness. Cut a slit in one side of the garbage bag, large enough for you to slide inside. Use rocks or sticks to secure the corners of the bag to the ground, providing some stability. If desired, you can also use paracord or rope to tie the corners of the bag to nearby trees or branches for added support. While not the most comfortable or spacious shelter, a garbage bag can provide some protection from the wind and rain in a pinch.

Building a snow cave

When you find yourself stranded in a snowy environment, building a snow cave can be a life-saving shelter option. The key to constructing a snow cave is finding a suitable location with a good amount of compacted snow. Start by digging a hole in a snowbank or drift, large enough to fit your body and gear. Make sure the entrance to the cave slopes downward to prevent cold air from entering. Once inside the hole, dig out a sleeping platform and smooth the walls and ceiling of the cave to prevent drips and ensure stability. The thick layer of snow acts as insulation, helping to retain heat and keep you warm. It’s important to properly ventilate the cave by creating a small air hole near the top, as carbon dioxide can build up in an enclosed space.

Food foraging

Identifying edible plants in the wild

When you’re in a survival situation and food is scarce, being able to identify edible plants in the wild can provide you with a source of nutrition. Familiarize yourself with common edible plants in your region and learn to distinguish them from poisonous look-alikes. Look for plants with recognizable characteristics such as edible berries, nuts, or leaves. It’s important to research and practice plant identification before relying on wild plants for sustenance, as some plants can be toxic or cause allergic reactions. When in doubt, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and avoid eating any plant that you are unsure of.

Finding and catching small game

In a wilderness survival situation, finding and catching small game can be a valuable source of protein. Look for signs of animal activity, such as tracks, droppings, or feathers, to determine the presence of potential prey. Set traps or snares using natural materials, such as sticks and vines, near areas where animals frequent. Construct a simple deadfall trap by propping up a large rock with a triggering mechanism, or fashion a snare by creating a noose with a flexible strand of plant material. It’s important to check traps and snares regularly, as well as respect local hunting regulations and only harvest game that you have the knowledge and skills to process safely.

Using a fishing line and hook

If you have access to a body of water, fishing can provide a reliable source of sustenance in a survival situation. Fashion a fishing line by attaching a hook to a length of fishing line or paracord. Look for suitable bait, such as insects or small worms, to attract fish. Cast your line into the water, ensuring it reaches a depth where fish are likely to be swimming. Be patient and keep an eye on your line for any movement or twitches that indicate a potential catch. It’s important to familiarize yourself with local fishing regulations and catch limits, as well as practice ethical fishing practices, such as catch and release, when appropriate.

Trapping birds with a snare

In situations where small game is scarce, trapping birds with a snare can be an alternative source of protein. Construct a simple snare using a length of wire or cordage. Form a small loop in one end of the snare and attach it securely to a branch or other anchor point. Create a slip noose in the other end of the snare and position it near an area where birds are likely to land or rest. It’s important to camouflage the snare and minimize human scent to increase the chances of success. Regularly check the snare and dispatch any trapped birds humanely and quickly. Remember to comply with local hunting and trapping regulations and avoid trapping protected or endangered species.

Navigation

Using a compass and a watch

Navigating in the wilderness can be challenging without a traditional GPS or map. However, with a compass and a watch, you can still find your way. Start by aligning the compass housing with the magnetic north indicator arrow. Rotate the dial until the orienting arrow matches up with the compass needle. Next, hold the compass level and point the direction-of-travel arrow towards your desired destination. Read the degree marking on the dial and remember it. Now, hold the compass flat in the palm of your hand and point the hour hand of your watch at the sun. Bisect the angle between the hour hand and the 12 o’clock mark and that will give you a rough estimate of north.

Navigating using the stars

When you’re in a remote area without any technological navigation tools, you can rely on the stars to guide your way. Familiarize yourself with the major constellations and learn to recognize key stars, such as the North Star (Polaris). To find the North Star, locate the Big Dipper (part of the Ursa Major constellation). Draw an imaginary line between the two stars at the outer edge of the dipper’s bowl, and extend that line upward until you reach the brightest star—this is the North Star. The North Star is almost directly aligned with the Earth’s North Pole, making it a reliable point of reference for finding north and orienting yourself. Other constellations and stars can also provide guidance depending on your location and the time of year.

Creating a makeshift compass

If you don’t have a traditional compass, you can create a makeshift compass using a needle and a piece of magnetizable material, like a leaf or a small piece of cork. Rub the needle against the material in one direction to magnetize it. Then, carefully float the magnetized material on a small body of still water, such as a cup or a puddle. The leaf or cork will align itself with the Earth’s magnetic field, indicating the general north-south direction. Take note of the direction the material is pointing and use it as a reference point for navigating in that general direction.

Finding North using a stick and the sun

In a survival situation, you can also determine the approximate direction of north using just a stick and the sun. Begin by placing a straight stick vertically in the ground, ensuring it is firmly planted and casts a distinct shadow. Mark the end of the shadow with a small rock or other indicator. Wait for approximately 15 minutes and mark the end of the new shadow that is cast by the stick. Draw a line connecting the two marks, which will represent an east-west line. Stand with the first mark (the initial shadow) on your left and the second mark (the new shadow) on your right. This means you are facing north, with south directly behind you.

First Aid

Creating an improvised tourniquet

In emergency situations where severe bleeding is occurring, creating an improvised tourniquet can help stop the bleeding and potentially save a life. Start by finding a suitable material to use as a tourniquet, such as a belt, a strip of clothing, or a length of rope. Apply the tourniquet several inches above the wound, between the wound and the heart. Wrap the material around the limb and tie a knot. Place a stick or rod on top of the knot and tighten it by twisting it until the bleeding stops. Make sure the tourniquet is tight enough to restrict blood flow, but not so tight that it causes further injury or loss of limb. Seek medical help as soon as possible after applying the tourniquet.

Making a splint with sticks and clothing

In situations where a bone is broken or fractured, making a splint can help stabilize the injured limb and prevent further damage. Start by finding two sturdy sticks or branches that are long enough to extend beyond the injury site. Place the sticks on either side of the injured limb. Next, use clothing or bandages to secure the sticks in place, creating a makeshift splint. Make sure the splint is firm but not too tight, as it should immobilize the limb without cutting off circulation. If possible, pad the splint with additional clothing or soft materials to provide comfort and reduce movement. Seek medical help as soon as possible after applying the splint to ensure appropriate treatment.

Using duct tape to close wounds

In emergency situations where medical supplies are limited, using duct tape can be a useful tool for closing wounds and preventing infection. Start by cleaning the wound as best as you can with clean water or saline solution if available. Next, apply an antiseptic ointment or solution onto the wound to help prevent infection. Cut a piece of duct tape slightly larger than the wound and carefully place it over the wound, pressing firmly to ensure a secure adhesion. Make sure the tape is applied tightly enough to hold the wound closed but not so tight that it restricts blood flow or causes discomfort. Duct tape can provide a temporary solution until proper medical care is available.

Identifying and treating common wilderness ailments

When you’re in the wilderness, it’s important to be able to identify and treat common ailments that may arise. Learn to recognize the symptoms of heat exhaustion, hypothermia, dehydration, and various infections. Carry a basic first aid kit with essential supplies, such as bandages, antiseptics, pain relievers, and any required medications. Treat minor cuts and wounds promptly to prevent infection, and monitor your body’s temperature and hydration levels regularly. If you or someone in your group experiences severe symptoms or a medical emergency, seek professional medical help as soon as possible.

Tool Improvisation

Creating a spear with a stick and a knife

When you’re in a survival situation and need a tool for hunting or self-defense, you can create a makeshift spear using a sturdy stick and a knife. Start by finding a long, straight stick that is strong enough to support the weight of the spearhead. Carve a sharp point on one end of the stick using the knife. If available, attach the knife to the other end of the stick securely using cordage or duct tape. The result is a simple but effective spear that can be used for hunting small game or for protection in emergency situations.

Using a can opener as a makeshift knife

If you find yourself without a knife in a survival situation, you can repurpose a can opener as a makeshift cutting tool. Most can openers have a small blade attached that can be used for tasks such as cutting rope, opening packaging, or making small repairs. While not as versatile as a dedicated knife, a can opener can still provide a useful tool in a pinch.

Making a bow and arrow from natural materials

In situations where you need a ranged weapon for hunting or self-defense, you can create a bow and arrow using natural materials. Start by finding a flexible and resilient branch that is about as long as your arm. Shape the branch into a bow shape by carefully bending it and securing the ends with cordage or vines. Find two straight and sturdy sticks to use as arrows. Carve a sharp point on one end of each stick and attach feathers or fletchings to the other end to aid in stabilization during flight. Use the bowstring to draw back the bow, placing the arrow on the bowstring, and aim at your target before releasing. Practice your aim and technique to improve your chances of success with this improvised weapon.

Fashioning a fishing hook from a safety pin

If you find yourself without a proper fishing hook, you can fashion a makeshift one using a safety pin. Start by straightening out the pin, removing the lock or clasp mechanism if present. Bend one end of the pin into a small loop to form the eye of the hook. Sharpen the other end of the pin to create a pointy tip. Attach the safety pin to your fishing line or paracord, and bait it with insects, small pieces of food, or anything else that might attract fish. Cast your line into the water and wait for a fish to take the bait. While not the most ideal fishing hook, a safety pin can still be effective in survival situations.

Signaling for Help

Using a mirror to reflect sunlight

When you’re in need of rescue and want to attract attention, using a mirror to reflect sunlight can be a highly effective signaling method. Find a small mirror or any reflective surface, such as a CD or DVD, and carefully aim the reflected sunlight in the direction of the potential rescuers. By repeatedly flashing the mirror in a deliberate and rhythmic manner, you increase the chances of catching the attention of search and rescue teams or passing aircraft. Be patient and vigilant, as it may take time for rescuers to notice your signal.

Building a signal fire

Creating a signal fire is one of the most visible and effective ways to attract the attention of rescuers. Start by collecting dry, combustible materials such as leaves, twigs, and branches. Arrange them in a tepee or pyramid shape in an open area, away from any flammable objects or vegetation. Use a lighter, matches, or any of the previously mentioned fire-starting techniques to ignite the fire. Once the fire is burning, add more fuel to produce smoke, which can be seen from a distance. In addition to the smoke, the flames themselves will create a bright and visible signal during the nighttime. Always ensure you have a means to safely extinguish the fire once you’ve been spotted.

Creating an SOS signal with rocks on the ground

If you have access to a flat and open area, you can create an SOS signal using rocks or other natural materials. Find large rocks or branches and arrange them on the ground in the shape of an oversized letter “S”. Make the “S” as large as possible, ensuring it is clearly visible from the air or a distance. Fill in the gaps of the letter with smaller rocks or other materials to enhance its visibility. This internationally recognized distress signal, the universal symbol for help, communicates to potential rescuers that you are in need of assistance. Monitor the area for any signs of approaching rescue teams and be prepared to signal continuously until help arrives.

Using a whistle to alert rescuers

A whistle is a compact and loud signaling device that can be heard over long distances and is highly effective for attracting attention. Keep a whistle easily accessible on your person or in your survival kit. When you spot potential rescuers in the distance, give three loud blasts on the whistle, pause, and repeat the sequence. This pattern helps differentiate your whistle blasts from other noises and alerts rescuers to your presence. Use short bursts of sound rather than continuous blowing to conserve energy and attract attention over a longer period of time. A whistle can be easily heard through dense vegetation or over the sound of wind or running water, making it an invaluable tool for signaling for help.

Emergency Lighting

Creating a makeshift lantern with a headlamp and a water jug

When you find yourself in need of emergency lighting in a remote area, you can repurpose a headlamp and a water jug to create a makeshift lantern. Start by filling the water jug with water and attaching the headlamp to the side of the jug, with the light facing inward. The water in the jug acts as a diffuser, spreading the light from the headlamp and creating a softer, more ambient glow. This makeshift lantern can provide a significant amount of light in a small area, allowing you to perform tasks or navigate in the dark.

Using a crayon as a candle

In situations where you need a small and portable light source, a crayon can be repurposed as a makeshift candle. Light one end of the crayon using a match or a lighter, and place it on a stable surface. The wax in the crayon will burn slowly, providing a small but steady flame. While the light produced may not be very bright, it can still be useful for reading, finding your way in the dark, or providing a sense of comfort and security.

Building a torch with cloth and a stick

When you need a portable and long-lasting light source, a torch can be created using cloth and a stick. Start by attaching a long strip of cloth to the end of a sturdy stick. Soak the cloth in a flammable substance, such as oil or alcohol, to ensure a sustained flame. Light the cloth on fire and let it burn until it produces a steady flame. The torch can be carried by holding onto the stick and used to provide light and warmth in the darkness. Be cautious when handling the torch and ensure you have a means to safely extinguish the flame when no longer needed.

Making a solar-powered light with a soda bottle

In situations where you need a sustainable and eco-friendly source of light, you can create a solar-powered light using a soda bottle and other accessible materials. Start by filling a clear soda bottle with water and adding a few drops of bleach to prevent the growth of algae. Seal the bottle tightly and place it in a location with direct sunlight. The water inside the bottle will act as a lens, refracting sunlight and producing a diffused glow similar to a light bulb. This homemade solar light can provide a gentle and sustainable source of illumination during the nighttime or in low-light conditions.

Alternative Fire Starters

Using hand sanitizer as fuel

When you don’t have traditional fire-starting materials available, you can use hand sanitizer as a fuel source. Hand sanitizers typically contain a high percentage of alcohol, making them highly flammable. Apply a small amount of hand sanitizer to your tinder or kindling material and ignite it using a spark, a magnifying glass, or any of the previously mentioned fire-starting techniques. The alcohol in the hand sanitizer will quickly catch fire, creating a flame that can be used to start a larger fire.

Creating a fire with a gum wrapper and a battery

If you have a gum wrapper and a battery, you can create a makeshift fire starter. Start by unwrapping the gum wrapper and cutting or tearing a small strip from it. Touch both ends of the strip to the terminals of a battery, such as a 9-volt battery, for a brief moment. The electrical current will cause the gum wrapper to heat up and ignite, creating a small flame. Transfer the flame to your tinder or kindling material to start a larger fire.

Using steel wool and a 9-volt battery

Another effective fire-starting method using household items is by using steel wool and a 9-volt battery. Start by unravelling a small piece of fine steel wool. Place one terminal of the battery on one side of the steel wool and the other terminal on the opposite side. The electrical current will cause the steel wool to heat up and ignite, creating a spark that can be used to start a fire. Transfer the flame to your tinder or kindling material to sustain the fire.

Using a condom and char cloth

In a dire emergency, a condom can be repurposed as a fire-starting tool when coupled with char cloth. Create char cloth by charring a piece of cotton fabric until it turns black but does not catch fire. Place the char cloth into the condom, tie off the end, and cut a small hole near the tied part to release air. Hold the condom by the tied end and swing it rapidly in circles, like a sling. The friction generated by the swinging motion will ignite the char cloth, creating a consistent ember. Transfer the ember to your tinder or kindling material to start a fire.